Samanea saman stem is used as laxative, antimalarial, sedative and for the treatment of stomach cancer and sore throat. The stem was evaluated for complete pharmacognostic parameters such as macroscopic study, microscopic study and powder study. Also, the powdered stem was evaluated for proximate analysis such as ash value, extractive value and quantitative microscopy. Transverse section of stem of Samanea saman showed presence of epidermis, hypodermis, endodermis, pericyclic fibres, phloem, xylem and pith. Powder study of stem of Samanea saman showed presence of pericyclic fibres, pitted xylem fibres, trimular shaped starch, and covering trichomes. Qualitative chemical examination of various successive extracts of stem showed the presence of carbohydrates, phytosterols, saponin, phenolic compounds and tannin. Phytochemical study showed the presences of phenolics and tannins in Samanea saman methanolic extract (SSME). The methanolic extract of Samanea saman (SSME) have higher IC50 value compared to Ascorbic acid (Std.) which indicates that extract scavenge free radicals like NO, Superoxide, DPPH in higher concentration so concentration required to produce significant antioxidant activity is high. But extract showing significant antioxidant activity for superoxide free radicals which might be beneficial in improvement of pathological condition like liver injury.
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